Glucosamine Gel has been designed for topical application containing glucosamine & can be applied directly to the affected joints. Local application means glucosamine enters the blood stream in close proximity to the affected area. It contains 10% concentration of N-acetyl glucosamine plus 2% Horse Chestnut extract. Horse Chestnut has been shown to act as an anti-inflammatory & is benefical in the treatment of arthritic conditions. Menthol is added for its gentle cooling properties. Studies using in-vitro human skin preparation have demonstrated penetration of N-acetyl glucosamine through the epidermal membrane. There is a long phase of about 10 hours providing the advantage of a sustained release into the skin. Non-sticky & non-greasyglucosamine gel is easy to apply to affected areas helping to soothe aches & pains. Can be used up to 6 times a day & additional benefits can be gained by keeping the gel in the fridge & applying after a hot bath. All Health Perception Glucosamine products have been clincally tested.